All is not lost, its just a bit of work. The Fritzing parts are usually generic (as there are so many variations) but with the specs and digikey search you should be able to pick appropriate products. For instance the
above, on digikey search for "Resettable Fuse PTC" (probably want to tick the in stock box, to make sure they have them). That gets you a huge list (2600+ for me right now), so in the filters (in package/ case this time) select 1206 (as that is the case size Fritzing used for the foot print) that reduces your choices to 11. Now you need to figure out how much current (and any other relevant parameters) to select one. At that point you should access the data sheet and make sure the footprint matches the one that Fritzing selected in pcb. That should be the case, but better safe than sorry. Some like the diode and crystal will be a little more exciting because the Fritzing spec doesn't match digikey's but if you pull up the data sheet for the part on digi you should be able to figure out if it has the right footprint after making sure the other needed parameters match (for which the filters are your friend).
(edit: It just struck me that you said "new to all this" which may mean that you are unaware that the ATmega328 from digikey won't have the Arduino boot loader in it and you will need to be able to arrange to program it in. Have you considered using a pro mini board (they are available from a couple of bucks from ebay with a longish delivery by mail, or for about $10 from digikey (where the CPU alone and unprogrammed is $3) before considering the cost of support parts such as the cyrstal. Thats what I usually use as its cheaper (and assembled and programmed with the bootloader) for less than I can buy the CPU let alone the support parts (assuming I buy from ebay).
Peter